Ventilator



J. B. SHAVER Ap 6, 194a.

VENTILATOR Filed May 14, 1942 J Q hS-JNVENTOR.

Patented Apr. 6, 1948 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE ,VENTILATOR James B.' Shaver, University Heights, Ohio Application May 14, 1942, Serial No. 442,879

2 Claims.

This invention relates to ventilators, and is particularly applicable to ventilating systems such as use ventilators on roofs of buildings and in similar positions to permit the egress of air, gases, and the like, while preventing the entrance of rain, snow, and so forth.

An object of the invention is to provide an improved ventilator in which either a maximum opening or an effective closure may selectively be obtained.

Another object is to provide an improved ventilator which maybe readily operated from a remote point.

Another object is to provide an improved ventilator which maybe caused to automatically open and close in cooperation with a circulating device. 3

Another object is to provide an improved ventilator which may be easily installed.

Another objectis to provide an improved ventilator which may be locked in open or closed position.

Another object is to provide an improved ventilator which may be easily'jand economically manufactured.

Another object is to provide an improved ventilator which will consist of few and simple parts.

Another object is to provide an improved ventilator which will prevent down draft when some only of a series of ventilators are in use.

Another object is to provide an improved ventilator which will direct its discharge upwardly and away from the building to which it is applied.

Other objects will hereinafter appear.

The invention will be better understood from the description of one practical embodiment thereof, illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which:

Figure 1 is a vertical sectional view showing a ventilator applied to the ridge of a relatively low pitched roof Figure 2 is a fragmentary elevational view, parts being broken away and shown in section, generally along the line II-II of Figure 1;

Figure 3 is a sectional view taken on the line III-III of Figure 2 to a considerably enlarged scale; and

Figure 4 is a wiring diagram showing a manner of automatic control.

The ventilator consists of a tubular casing shown as comprising a generally pyramidal base or bottom portion I, the bottom edge 2 of which is cut and flanged to fit the pitch of the roof 3 of the building to which the device is applied, and an upper generally cylindrical portion formed of three successive sections 4, 5, and 6 provided with flanges 1 and 8 by which the sections may be secured together, as by means of welding, bolts, rivets, or the like.

Secured to the interior of the central cylindrical section 5 are brackets 9 which carry centrally of the section a. blower, propeller or fan I0 arranged to be driven' by a suitable driving means, such as an electric motor II to eject air, fumes, dust, smoke, and the like upwardly through the space within the ventilator housing. Supports, such as angle irons l2 extend beyond the periphery of the cylindrical housing section, and carry an outer cylindrical guard or shield I3 which is open at its top and at its bottom exteriorly of the housing section. a

This guard or shield extends substantially above the top of the upper housing section to divert wind currents and prevent their impinging directly upon the housing section and particularly its upper end. V,

At this end of the upper section is provided a transverse, diametrically arranged trough opening outwardly at its ends.

Overlying the trough are two pivot rods I5 to which are secured substantially semi-circular covers or flaps l6 which, in their lowermost position, overlie the entire upper end of the upper housing section, being spaced slightly apart above the trough only. Depending arcuate flanges I! at the edges of these covers serve to deflect any rain or other moisture which may land upon their upper surfaces down onto the outside of the housing section 6, while any which passes between the hinge rods flows ofl laterally through the trough, likewise to the exterior of the housing. Thus it will be seen with the flap lowered, entrance of moisture is effectively prevented.

Two transverse bars l8 are secured to the cylindrical shield substantially parallel to the hinge rods and spaced slightly outwardly from these rods, so that the coverflaps in their uppermost position strike these rods and never quite reach the vertical, hence gravity at all times tends to close them.

It will be apparent thatfwhen the motor is energized to rotate the fan, air is driven upwardly against the under side of the covers, and the pressure of this air moves these covers from their lowermost position to their position in contact hausted upwardly in a, substantially vertical When the fan is stopped, the pressure of the air, Y 7

of course, no longer serves to hold the covers inopen position, and unless they are restrained by the locking mechanism, they drop to their closed position.

The locking mechanism is most clearly illustrated in Figure 3, and. consists of two notched discs I 9, one fixed to the end of each of the hinge rods H1, in closely overlap-ping relation. W hen the covers are both in closed position, the notches are positioned, as shown in' solid lines in this figure of the drawing, defining between'them a more or less rectangular slot into which a lug 2! carried by a rod 22 secured'to an armatur or plunger 23 may drop. I

The armature is actuated by an electro-magnet or solenoid 24 which, when it is'energized, raises the armatureand releases the lock.

When the lock is released, and the fan'operated', the covers, of course, move'to'their open position, rotating the hinge bars substantially 90, so that the right hand disc (as seen inFigiire 3) rotates in a counterclockwise 'directionwhile the left hand .disc rotates in a clockwise direction, and the notches assume the position indicated in dash lines 25 where another lug '29 carried by the rod may be caused to enter them and lock the covers in open position.

The discs are shown as protected by being'enclosed in a rectangular casing 21 provided with a depending cuplike extension 28 holding the solenoid and an upward extension 29 to accommodate the end of rod. 22. V

'The circuit controlling the electro-magnet or solenoid may be separate from thatoperating the electric motor, or the motor and solenoid may be connected together, as by being connected in series or parallel, as shown in Figure.

In the former case, the operator, on starting the motor, must energize the solenoid to release the look so that the covers may move to their open position, at which time he may further energize the magnet to lock the covers in this position. Conversely, when he discontinues the blast of air and desires to close the covers, he must disengage the look to permit these covers to drop against the upper end of the casing section.

If, however,,the solenoid is connected into the circuit of the motor, it will be apparent that the lock isreleased upon energizationof the motor by closing switch 30, so that the blast of air'is free at once to move the covers to open position, and further movement of the armature will lock these covers. in open position and maintain them so locked until the current to the solenoid and through the motor is discontinued by opening the switch. V V

This automatically discontinues the current to the solenoid, again unlocks thecovers, permits them to drop to closed position; and then locks them there.

It will be apparent that sudden gust of Wind hitting the projecting edges of the covers while in open position will not cause them to close, nor will eddies occurring within the guard or shield open them when they are locked in closed position.

While I have described the illustrated embodiment of my invention in some particularity, obviously many others will readily occur to those skilled in this art, and 1.6.0 not'therefore limit myself to the precise details shown and described herein, but claim as my invention all embodiments, variations and modifications coming with "in the scope of the appended claims. 7

I claim;

1'. A ventilator comprising a tubular casing extendingsubstantially vertically, a motor driven blower therein arranged to discharge upwardly, a closure pivoted to said casing and overlying the upper end thereof, a stop limiting the upward motion of the closure so that its center of gravity cannot reach a position above the axis of the pivot, locking means associated with the closure and arranged to lock the closure in its lowermost position, said locking means comprising a disc fixed with relation to the closure and having a notch, a locking bolt movableinto and out of the notch, and electro-magnetic means associated with the bolt and energizing concurrently with the motor of said blower,

2. A ventilator comprising a vertical tubular member having a discharge opening, a closur arranged to overlie the discharge opening and movable by air moving through the tubular member to clear the same and by gravity to close the same, a'blower directing air-through the tubularmemher, and automatic electro-magnetic locking means operated by the supply of power to the blower engageable to lock the closure.

* JAMES B. SHAVER...

REFERENCES m];

The following references' are file of this patent:

.UNITED STATES PATENTS 7 Number Name 7 Date 87,668 Hayes Mar. 9, 1869 283,913 McIntyre Aug. 28, 1883 266,015 Conolly Oct.17, 1882 595,127 McArthur Dec. 7,1897 606,057 Hayes June 21, 1898 683,225 Rosen Sept. 24, 1901 957,776 Ilg j May 10, 1910 1,427,859 Schmidt Sept. 5, 1922 1,525,649. Ilg Feb. 10, 1925 1,532,635 Osbun Apr. 7, "1925 1,594,351 7 Butterfield "Aug. 3, 1926 1,633,579 ,Frank et, al. June 28,1927 1,785,540 Black 1 Dec. 16, 1930 1,828,052 Knutson Oct. 20, 1931 2,141,923. McMahan .Dec. 27,1938 2,082,955 Hagen. June 8, 1837 2,191,774 'Reed. Feb. 27, 1940 2,225,349 Morse Dec..17,j1 949 2,272,928 Weaver et al. Feb. 10,1942 2,349,283 King et a1. May 23, 1944 2,350,102 Fairbanks May, 30, .1944

FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country Date 130,232 Switzerland Jan. 16,1929

or record in the 

